Vol. 7 pp. 248-266

M.V. Grafkina, V.V. Semenov, V.I. Zhdanov

 

METHOD OF THERMAL UTILIZATION OF GARBAGE DUMPS AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

 

Annotation. In Russia, 128 large dumps in cities have been liquidated for the last five years and further work on liquidation of objects of accumulated ecological harm and points of high ecological risk continues. The choice of solid municipal waste (SMW) utilization method depends on many factors, including morphological composition and physical properties of waste. Currently, there are several ways of utilization of SMW, among which is thermal utilization. Analysis of published scientific and scientific-technical sources has shown the presence of various methods of thermal utilization of wastes of different aggregate state, among them we can mention installations for "waste-free" utilization of SMW for small settlements. The disadvantages of existing methods of thermal utilization of SMW are also revealed, it is established that for thermal utilization of dioxins and furans it is necessary that combustion products should be in the combustion zone with a temperature of 1000 0C for at least 4-5 seconds. To improve the thermal utilization of SMW, the following were developed and protected by patents: a mobile furnace with a baffle to create two-zone combustion, a mobile two-zone furnace, a furnace with two-zone two-stage combustion. Calculations are given, the results of testing a pilot plant are presented. The possibility of using this method of thermal utilization of SMW and aqueous solutions of toxic substances in sparsely populated areas for the liquidation of objects of accumulated environmental harm is shown.

Keywords: objects of accumulated environmental harm, thermal utilization of wastes, toxic substances, furnaces with two-zone combustion, gas-liquid nozzles, spraying torch.

 

For citation: Grafkina M.V., Semenov V.V., Zhdanov V.I. [Method of thermal utilization of garbage dumps and toxic substances] Upravlenie tekhnosferoi, 2024, vol. 7, issue 2. (In Russ.)  Available at: https://technosphere-ing.ru/ рр. 248–266. DOI: 10.34828/UdSU.2024.27.59.007

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About the Authors

Grafkina Marina Vladimirovna

Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor. Department "Environmental Safety of Technical Systems" Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution "Moscow Polytechnic University", 107023, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Semenovskaya, 38, Moscow, Russia.

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Semenov Vasily Vasilievich

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Technosphere Safety Specialist. "Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University", MAI). Moscow, Russia.

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Zhdanov Vladimir Igorevich

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution "Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University", MAI). Moscow, Russia.

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